Planar cell polarity regulators in asymmetric organogenesis during development and disease

De-Li Shi

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.06.007

Volume 50 Issue 2

Feb. 2023

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Planar cell polarity regulators in asymmetric organogenesis during development and disease

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.06.007

De-Li Shi^a,b

a. Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China;
b. Laboratory of Developmental Biology, CNRS-UMR7622, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France

Funds:

I would like to apologize for being unable to include many studies in the discussion due to space limitations. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 32070813), the French Muscular Dystrophy Association (AFM-Téléthon grant number 23545), the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, and the Sorbonne University.

Received Date: 2022-05-18
Accepted Date: 2022-06-23
Rev Recd Date: 2022-06-22
Publish Date: 2022-07-06

Abstract

Abstract

The phenomenon of planar cell polarity is critically required for a myriad of morphogenetic processes in metazoan and is accurately controlled by several conserved modules. Six “core” proteins, including Frizzled, Flamingo (Celsr), Van Gogh (Vangl), Dishevelled, Prickle, and Diego (Ankrd6), are major components of the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway. The Fat/Dchs protocadherins and the Scrib polarity complex also function to instruct cellular polarization. In vertebrates, all these pathways are essential for tissue and organ morphogenesis, such as neural tube closure, left–right symmetry breaking, heart and gut morphogenesis, lung and kidney branching, stereociliary bundle orientation, and proximal–distal limb elongation. Mutations in planar polarity genes are closely linked to various congenital diseases. Striking advances have been made in deciphering their contribution to the establishment of spatially oriented pattern in developing organs and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The challenge remains to clarify the complex interplay of different polarity pathways in organogenesis and the link of cell polarity to cell fate specification. Interdisciplinary approaches are also important to understand the roles of mechanical forces in coupling cellular polarization and differentiation. This review outlines current advances on planar polarity regulators in asymmetric organ formation, with the aim to identify questions that deserve further investigation.
- Planar cell polarity,
- Wnt/PCP signaling,
- Left–right asymmetry,
- Heart and gut morphogenesis,
- Lung and kidney branching,
- Inner ear hair cell orientation,
- Limb outgrowth

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References(135)

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