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Volume 45 Issue 5
May  2018
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Genetics and Genomics  > 2018  >  45(5): 227-236

Mechanism of cancer: Oncohistones in action

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.04.004
  • a 

    Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China

  • b 

    Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

More Information
  • Corresponding author: E-mail address: hjunhong@scu.edu.cn (Junhong Han)
  • Received Date: 2018-02-01
  • Accepted Date: 2018-04-18
  • Rev Recd Date: 2018-04-17
    • Available Online: 2018-04-30
  • Publish Date: 2018-05-20
    Abstract
  • Oncohistones are histones with high-frequency point mutations that are associated with tumorigenesis. Although each histone variant is encoded by multiple genes, a single mutation in one allele of one gene seems to have a dominant effect over global histone H3 methylation level at the relevant amino acid residue. These oncohistones are highly tumor type specific. For example, H3K27M and H3G34V/R mutations occur only in pediatric brain cancers, whereas H3K36M and H3G34W/L have only been found in pediatric bone tumors. H1 mutations also seem to be exclusively linked to lymphomas. In this review, we discuss the occurrence, frequency and potential functional mechanisms of each oncohistone in tumorigenesis of its relevant cancer. We believe that further investigation into the mechanism regarding their tumor type specificity and cancer-related functions will shed new light on their application in cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy development.
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