Mitochondrial DNA evidence supports northeast Indian origin of the aboriginal Andamanese in the Late Paleolithic

Hua-Wei Wang; Bikash Mitra; Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri; Malliya gounder Palanichamy; Qing-Peng Kong; Ya-Ping Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2011.02.005

Volume 38 Issue 3

Mar. 2011

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Article Navigation > Journal of Genetics and Genomics > 2011 > 38(3): 117-122

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Mitochondrial DNA evidence supports northeast Indian origin of the aboriginal Andamanese in the Late Paleolithic

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.02.005

a
Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, China
b
Cellular Immunology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal 734013, India
c
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan Province, China
d
KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, Yunnan Province, China

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Corresponding author: E-mail address: kongqp@yahoo.com.cn (Qing-Peng Kong); E-mail address: zhangyp1@263.net.cn (Ya-Ping Zhang)
Received Date: 2010-08-03
Accepted Date: 2010-11-09
Rev Recd Date: 2010-11-07

Available Online: 2011-03-11

Publish Date: 2011-03-20

Abstract

Abstract

In view of the geographically closest location to Andaman archipelago, Myanmar was suggested to be the origin place of aboriginal Andamanese. However, for lacking any genetic information from this region, which has prevented to resolve the dispute on whether the aboriginal Andamanese were originated from mainland India or Myanmar. To solve this question and better understand the origin of the aboriginal Andamanese, we screened for haplogroups M31 (from which Andaman-specific lineage M31a1 branched off) and M32 among 846 mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) sampled across Myanmar. As a result, two Myanmar individuals belonging to haplogroup M31 were identified, and completely sequencing the entire mtDNA genomes of both samples testified that the two M31 individuals observed in Myanmar were probably attributed to the recent gene flow from northeast India populations. Since no root lineages of haplogroup M31 or M32 were observed in Myanmar, it is unlikely that Myanmar may serve as the source place of the aboriginal Andamanese. To get further insight into the origin of this unique population, the detailed phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were performed by including additional 7 new entire mtDNA genomes and 113 M31 mtDNAs pinpointed from South Asian populations, and the results suggested that Andaman-specific M31a1 could in fact trace its origin to northeast India. Time estimation results further indicated that the Andaman archipelago was likely settled by modern humans from northeast India via the land-bridge which connected the Andaman archipelago and Myanmar around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), a scenario in well agreement with the evidence from linguistic and palaeoclimate studies.
- mtDNA,
- Myanmar,
- Aboriginal Andamanese,
- Northeast India,
- Origin

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References(42)

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