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Volume 49 Issue 5
May  2022
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Genetics and Genomics  > 2022  >  49(5): 405-413

Natural variations in grain length 10 (GL10) regulate rice grain size

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.01.008
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    a Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China;

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    b State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China;

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    c Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK

Funds:

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32072040, 31622041) and the Key Projects of Basic Research and Applied Basic Research of Guangdong Province (2019B030302006).

  • Received Date: 2021-10-29
  • Revised Date: 2022-01-23
  • Accepted Date: 2022-01-24
  • Publish Date: 2022-02-10
    Abstract
  • Grain size is an important determinant of grain weight and yield in rice. Although several genes related to grain size have been identified, natural variations in these genes that affect grain size are poorly characterized. Here, we describe the grain length QTL GL10, encoding MADS56, which positively regulates grain length and grain weight. A natural allelic variation of NIL-gl10, containing an ~1.0-kb deletion in the first exon that abolishes its transcription, results in shorter grain length, lower grain weight and delayed flowering in gl10 plants. The knockout of GL10 in the HJX74 background leads to grain phenotypes similar to that of NIL-gl10, while overexpression of GL10 results in increased grain length and weight and earlier heading date. GL10 regulates grain length by promoting greater longitudinal cell growth in the grain glume. Additionally, GL10 participates in the regulation of gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathway genes in young panicle tissues. Analysis of GL10 haplotypes shows obvious divergence between the japonica and indica lineages. Our findings reveal an allelic variation of GL10 that may explain differences in grain length among modern cultivars and could be used to breed rice varieties with optimized grain shape.
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