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Volume 49 Issue 2
Mar.  2022
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Genetics and Genomics  > 2022  >  49(2): 120-131

The Melastoma dodecandrum genome and the evolution of Myrtales

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.10.004
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    a Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;

  •  

    b Innovation and Application Engineering Technology Research Center of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China

Funds:

The authors acknowledge supports from The Innovation and Application Engineering Technology Research Center of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources in Fujian Province (115-PTJH16005), The Plateau Discipline Construction Program of Fujian Province (115-712018010), Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare (201204604).

  • Received Date: 2021-07-15
  • Accepted Date: 2021-10-07
  • Rev Recd Date: 2021-10-04
  • Publish Date: 2021-10-28
    Abstract
  • Melastomataceae has abundant morphological diversity with high economic and ornamental merit in Myrtales. The phylogenetic position of Myrtales is still contested. Here, we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of Melastoma dodecandrum in Melastomataceae. The assembled genome size is 299.81 Mb with a contig N50 value of 3.00 Mb. Genome evolution analysis indicated that M. dodecandrum, Eucalyptus grandis, and Punica granatum were clustered into a clade of Myrtales and formed a sister group with the ancestor of fabids and malvids. We found that M. dodecandrum experienced four whole-genome polyploidization events: the ancient event was shared with most eudicots, one event was shared with Myrtales, and the other two events were unique to M. dodecandrum. Moreover, we identified MADS-box genes and found that the AP1-like genes expanded, and AP3-like genes might have undergone subfunctionalization. The SUAR63-like genes and AG-like genes showed different expression patterns in stamens, which may be associated with heteranthery. In addition, we found that LAZY1-like genes were involved in the negative regulation of stem branching development, which may be related to its creeping features. Our study sheds new light on the evolution of Melastomataceae and Myrtales, which provides a comprehensive genetic resource for future research.
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