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Volume 43 Issue 2
Feb.  2016
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Genetics and Genomics  > 2016  >  43(2): 49-61

Osteoporosis: A Silent Disease with Complex Genetic Contribution

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2015.12.001
  • a 

    Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 4717647745, Iran

  • b 

    Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Tehran 1985717443, Iran

More Information
  • Corresponding author: E-mail address: halehakhavan@yahoo.com (Haleh Akhavan-Niaki)
  • Received Date: 2015-07-13
  • Accepted Date: 2015-12-26
  • Rev Recd Date: 2015-10-30
    • Available Online: 2016-01-02
  • Publish Date: 2016-02-20
    Abstract
  • Osteoporosis is the most common multifactorial metabolic bone disorder worldwide with a strong genetic component. In this review, the evidence for a genetic contribution to osteoporosis and related phenotypes is summarized alongside with methods used to identify osteoporosis susceptibility genes. The key biological pathways involved in the skeleton and bone development are discussed with a particular focus on master genes clustered in these pathways and their mode of action. Furthermore, the most studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analyzed for their importance as genetic markers of the disease are presented. New data generated by next-generation sequencing in conjunction with extensive meta-analyses should contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of osteoporosis and related phenotype variability. These data could be ultimately used for identifying at-risk patients for disease prevention by both controlling environmental factors and providing possible therapeutic targets.
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